Essay on A Woman Bound by Society in Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums

A Woman Bound by Society in can Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums When John Steinbecks short story The Chrysanthemums depression appeared in the October 1937 edition of Harpers Magazine (Osborne 479), Franklin D. Roosevelt had just been reelected president. The country was recovering from the Great Depression, unions were developing, and child labor in manufacturing was terminated (Jones 805-6). The first female cabinet member in American history, Frances Perkins, was appointed the Secretary of Labor (Jones 802). She was one of the few women in her time to gain equality in a male-dominated society. For most women, liberation was a bitter fight usually ending in defeat. In The Chrysanthemums, this struggle for equality is portrayed through Steinbecks function Elisa Allen. According to Stanley Renner, The Chrysanthemums shows a strong, capable woman kept from personal, social, and sexual fulfillment by the prevailing conception of a womans role in a world dominated by men (306). Elisas appearance, actions, and speech depict the frustration women felt in Steinbecks masculine world of the 1930s. Steinbecks world, observes Charles A. Sweet, Jr., is a mans world, a world that frustrates correct minor league womens liberationists (214). This frustration is evident when Elisa is first introduced. Her figure is described as blocked and heavy because she is wearing heavy gloves, heavy shoes, a mans black hat, and a big apron that hides her printed dress (Steinbeck 330). Her home has the masculine qualities of being hard-swept and hard-polished (Steinbeck 330). Elisa is bored with her husband and with her life (McMahan 455). Obviously, Elisa is unhappy with the traditionalistic female role and is attempti... ...et al. America and Its People Volume Two From 1865. London Scott, Foresman, 1989. McMahan, Elizabeth E. The Chrysanthemums A Study of Womans put forwarduality. Modern allegory Studies 14 (1968-69) 453-8. Marcus, Mordecai. The Lost Dream of Sex and Childbirt h in The Chrysanthemums. Modern Fiction Studies 11 (1965) 54-8. Osbourne, William R. The Texts of Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums. Modern Fiction Studies 12 (1966-67) 479-84. Renner, Stanley. The Real Woman Inside The Fence In The Chrysanthemums. Modern Fiction Studies 31 (1985) 305-17. Steinbeck, John. The Chrysanthemums. Literature and the Writing Process. Ed. Elizabeth McMahan, Susan Day, and Robert Funk. 2nd ed. New York Macmillan, 1989. 330-6. Sweet, Charles A., Jr. Ms. Elisa Allen and Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums. Modern Fiction Studies 20 (1974) 210-14.